-
1 Jordan's identity
French\ \ identité de JordanGerman\ \ Jordanische IdentitätDutch\ \ identiteit van JordanItalian\ \ identità di JordanSpanish\ \ identidad de JordanCatalan\ \ identitat de JordanPortuguese\ \ identidade de JordanRomanian\ \ -Danish\ \ -Norwegian\ \ -Swedish\ \ -Greek\ \ ταυτότητα JordanFinnish\ \ Jordanin identiteettiHungarian\ \ Jordan-féle azonosságTurkish\ \ Jordan özdeşliğiEstonian\ \ Jordani samasusLithuanian\ \ Jordan tapatybė; Žordano tapatybėSlovenian\ \ -Polish\ \ tożsamość JordanaRussian\ \ идентичность ДжорданаUkrainian\ \ -Serbian\ \ -Icelandic\ \ Jordan's sjálfsmyndEuskara\ \ Jordan nortasunaFarsi\ \ -Persian-Farsi\ \ اندازه ژوردانArabic\ \ متطابقة او معادلة جوردانAfrikaans\ \ Jordan se identiteitChinese\ \ 约 当 等 式Korean\ \ 조르단의 항등식 -
2 Jordan
2) Спорт: Джордан4) География: (гос-во) Иордания, (р.) Иордан (Восточное Средиземноморье), Джордан (мужское и женское имя)5) Лесоводство: жордан (коническая мельница)6) Политика: JO -
3 jordan
2) Спорт: Джордан4) География: (гос-во) Иордания, (р.) Иордан (Восточное Средиземноморье), Джордан (мужское и женское имя)5) Лесоводство: жордан (коническая мельница)6) Политика: JO -
4 Жордан
-
5 Жордан
-
6 жордан
-
7 Жордан
p.n. Jordan (French) -
8 Жордан
p.n. -
9 developing countries
межд. эк. развивающиеся страны (условная группа стран, выделенная международным сообществом в начале 1960-х гг.; к этой группе относят страны, характеризующиеся низким уровнем валового внутреннего дохода на душу населения, низким уровнем развития человеческого капитала, низким уровнем жизни и слабо диверсифицированной экономикой; критерии отнесения стран к этой группе, и соответственно состав группы, по классификациям разных международных организаций несколько отличается; в составе развивающихся стран обычно выделяют группу наименее развитых стран, страны с низким уровнем дохода, не входящие в состав группы наименее развитых стран, страны с уровнем дохода ниже среднего уровня; к этой группе относится значительная часть стран Африки, Азии и Южной Америки)See:advanced developing countries, DAC List of Aid Recipients, Group of Twenty-Four, Group of Seventy Seven, Japan International Cooperation Agency, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development, advanced economies, newly industrializing country, developed countries, less developed countries, least developed countries, underdeveloped countries, non-industrialized country, countries in transition, concessional loan, lower middle-income countries, low-income countries, Debt Management and Financial Analysis System, official development assistance, dependency theory, special and differential treatment, development economics, New International Economic Order, Third World, Fourth World, digital divide, Afghanistan, Algeria, Angola, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Colombia, Comoros, Congo, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Ethiopia, Fiji, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Grenada, Guatemala, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Malta, Marshall Islands, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mexico, Federated States of Micronesia, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Oman, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Qatar, Rwanda, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Solomon Islands, Somalia, South Africa, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe, American Samoa, Anguilla, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Cayman Islands, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Cook Islands, Cuba, Eritrea, Falkland Islands, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Gibraltar, Greenland, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guernsey, Jersey, North Korea, Macau, Isle of Man, Martinique, Mayotte, Montserrat, Nauru, New Caledonia, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Palau, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Reunion, Saint Helena, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Tokelau, Tonga, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, Virgin Islands of the United States, Wallis and Futuna, Western Sahara, West Bank and Gaza Strip* * *в этих странах обрабатывающая промышленность дает 10-20 % ВНП; характеризуются быстрым ростом среднего класса Египет, Филиппины, Индия, Бразилия -
10 less developed countries
сокр. LDCs межд. эк. менее развитые [слаборазвитые\] страны (группа стран, в основном состоящая из стран с низким уровнем производства, низким уровнем национального дохода и низким уровнем жизни; группа очень обширна, и разброс экономических показателей по данной группе значителен; часть стран характеризуется довольно высокими темпами роста экономики и развития технологии (новые индустриальные страны), а часть стран — крайне низкими экономическими показателями (наименее развитые страны); в целом группа довольно близка к группе "развивающиеся страны" по классификации Международного валютного фонда)Syn:See:least developed countries, newly industrializing country, Third World, more developed countries, developed countries, developing countries, Afghanistan, Algeria, American Samoa, Angola, Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Argentina, Aruba, Bahamas, Bahrain, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belize, Benin, Bhutan, Bolivia, Botswana, Brazil, British Virgin Islands, Brunei, Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Cayman Islands, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Christmas Island, Cocos Islands, Colombia, Comoros, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Congo, Cook Islands, Costa Rica, Côte d'Ivoire, Cuba, Cyprus, Djibouti, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Egypt, El Salvador, Equatorial Guinea, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Falkland Islands, Fiji, French Guiana, French Polynesia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Gibraltar, Greenland, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Guam, Guatemala, Guernsey, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Guyana, Haiti, Honduras, Hong Kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Iraq, Jamaica, Jersey, Jordan, Kenya, Kiribati, North Korea, South Korea, Kuwait, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Liberia, Libya, Macau, Madagascar, Malawi, Malaysia, Maldives, Mali, Isle of Man, Marshall Islands, Martinique, Mauritania, Mauritius, Mayotte, Federated States of Micronesia, Mongolia, Montserrat, Morocco, Mozambique, Myanmar, Namibia, Nauru, Nepal, Netherlands Antilles, New Caledonia, Nicaragua, Niger, Nigeria, Niue, Norfolk Island, Northern Mariana Islands, Oman, Palau, Pakistan, Panama, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Peru, Philippines, Pitcairn Islands, Puerto Rico, Qatar, Reunion, Rwanda, Saint Helena, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Sao Tome and Principe, Saudi Arabia, Senegal, Seychelles, Sierra Leone, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Somalia, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Suriname, Swaziland, Syria, Taiwan, Tanzania, Thailand, Togo, Tokelau, Tonga, Trinidad and Tobago, Tunisia, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tuvalu, United Arab Emirates, Uganda, Uruguay, Vanuatu, Venezuela, Vietnam, Virgin Islands of the United States, Wallis and Futuna, Western Sahara, Yemen, Zambia, Zimbabwe
* * *
abbrev.: LDC Less developed countries развивающиеся (менее развитые) страны: государства с низким уровнем национального дохода, высоким темпом роста населения и безработицы, зависимостью от сырьевого экспорта; как правило, имеются в виду страны "третьего мира".Англо-русский экономический словарь > less developed countries
-
11 Jeanneret, Charles-Edouard (Le Corbusier)
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 6 October 1887 La Chaux-de-Fonds, Switzerlandd. 27 August 1965 Cap Martin, France[br]Swiss/French architect.[br]The name of Le Corbusier is synonymous with the International style of modern architecture and city planning, one utilizing functionalist designs carried out in twentieth-century materials with modern methods of construction. Charles-Edouard Jeanneret, born in the watch-making town of La Chaux-de-Fonds in the Jura mountain region, was the son of a watch engraver and dial painter. In the years before 1918 he travelled widely, studying building in many countries. He learned about the use of reinforced concrete in the studio of Auguste Perret and about industrial construction under Peter Behrens. In 1917 he went to live in Paris and spent the rest of his life in France; in 1920 he adopted the name of Le Corbusier, one derived from that of his ancestors (Le Corbesier), and ten years later became a French citizen.Le Corbusier's long working life spanned a career divided into three distinct parts. Between 1905 and 1916 he designed a number of simple and increasingly modern houses; the years 1921 to 1940 were ones of research and debate; and the twenty years from 1945 saw the blossoming of his genius. After 1917 Le Corbusier gained a reputation in Paris as an architect of advanced originality. He was particularly interested in low-cost housing and in improving accommodation for the poor. In 1923 he published Vers une architecture, in which he planned estates of mass-produced houses where all extraneous and unnecessary features were stripped away and the houses had flat roofs and plain walls: his concept of "a machine for living in". These white boxes were lifted up on stilts, his pilotis, and double-height living space was provided internally, enclosed by large areas of factory glazing. In 1922 Le Corbusier exhibited a city plan, La Ville contemporaine, in which tall blocks made from steel and concrete were set amongst large areas of parkland, replacing the older concept of city slums with the light and air of modern living. In 1925 he published Urbanisme, further developing his socialist ideals. These constituted a major reform of the industrial-city pattern, but the ideas were not taken up at that time. The Depression years of the 1930s severely curtailed architectural activity in France. Le Corbusier designed houses for the wealthy there, but most of his work prior to 1945 was overseas: his Centrosoyus Administration Building in Moscow (1929–36) and the Ministry of Education Building in Rio de Janeiro (1943) are examples. Immediately after the end of the Second World War Le Corbusier won international fame for his Unité d'habitation theme, the first example of which was built in the boulevard Michelet in Marseille in 1947–52. His answer to the problem of accommodating large numbers of people in a small space at low cost was to construct an immense all-purpose block of pre-cast concrete slabs carried on a row of massive central supports. The Marseille Unité contains 350 apartments in eight double storeys, with a storey for shops half-way up and communal facilities on the roof. In 1950 he published Le Modular, which described a system of measurement based upon the human male figure. From this was derived a relationship of human and mathematical proportions; this concept, together with the extensive use of various forms of concrete, was fundamental to Le Corbusier's later work. In the world-famous and highly personal Pilgrimage Church of Notre Dame du Haut at Ronchamp (1950–5), Le Corbusier's work was in Expressionist form, a plastic design in massive rough-cast concrete, its interior brilliantly designed and lit. His other equally famous, though less popular, ecclesiastical commission showed a contrasting theme, of "brutalist" concrete construction with uncompromisingly stark, rectangular forms. This is the Dominican Convent of Sainte Marie de la Tourette at Eveux-sur-l'Arbresle near Lyon, begun in 1956. The interior, in particular, is carefully worked out, and the lighting, from both natural and artificial sources, is indirect, angled in many directions to illuminate vistas and planes. All surfaces are carefully sloped, the angles meticulously calculated to give optimum visual effect. The crypt, below the raised choir, is painted in bright colours and lit from ceiling oculi.One of Le Corbusier's late works, the Convent is a tour de force.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsHonorary Doctorate Zurich University 1933. Honorary Member RIBA 1937. Chevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1937. American Institute of Architects Gold Medal 1961. Honorary Degree University of Geneva 1964.BibliographyHis chief publications, all of which have been numerously reprinted and translated, are: 1923, Vers une architecture.1935, La Ville radieuse.1946, Propos d'urbanisme.1950, Le Modular.Further ReadingP.Blake, 1963, Le Corbusier: Architecture and Form, Penguin. R.Furneaux-Jordan, 1972, Le Corbusier, Dent.W.Boesiger, 1970, Le Corbusier, 8 vols, Thames and Hudson.——1987, Le Corbusier: Architect of the Century, Arts Council of Great Britain.DYBiographical history of technology > Jeanneret, Charles-Edouard (Le Corbusier)
См. также в других словарях:
Jordan (name) — Infobox Given Name Revised name = Jordan imagesize= caption= pronunciation= gender = Unisex meaning = region = origin = related names = footnotes = The name Jordan can refer to several things. As a name, it comes from the Aramaic Yarden, meaning… … Wikipedia
Jordan, Camille — ▪ French mathematician in full Marie Ennemond Camille Jordan born January 5, 1838, Lyon, France died January 20, 1922, Milan, Italy French mathematician whose work on substitution groups (permutation groups (permutations and… … Universalium
French Mandate of Syria and Lebanon — Mandat français en Syrie et au Liban Mandate of France ← … Wikipedia
Jordan (disambiguation) — Jordan is a country in the Middle East.Jordan may also refer to: Middle Eastern geography * Jordan, Tehran * Jordan River United States geography * Jordan, Indiana * Jordan, Iowa * Jordan, Minnesota, a city in Scott County * Jordan, Minneapolis,… … Wikipedia
Jordan Kerr — Nationalität: Australien … Deutsch Wikipedia
Jordan Henderson — Nombre Jordan Brian Henderson Nacimiento … Wikipedia Español
French Open 2008 — ◄ French Open 2008 ► Datum: 25. Mai – 8. Juni 2008 Auflage: 107. French Open Ort: Paris Belag: Sand Titelverteidiger … Deutsch Wikipedia
French Open 2007 — ◄ French Open 2007 ► Datum: 27. Mai – 10. Juni 2007 Auflage: 106. French Open Ort: Paris Belag: Sand Titelverteidiger … Deutsch Wikipedia
French Open 2009 — ◄ French Open 2009 ► Datum: 24. Mai – 7. Juni 2009 Auflage: 108. French Open Ort: Paris Belag: Sand Titelverteidiger … Deutsch Wikipedia
Jordan Fantosme — (died c. 1185) was an Anglo Norman historian, chronicler, and trouvère. He was a cleric and probably the spiritual chancellor of the Diocese of Winchester. His major work is an Anglo Norman verse chronicle of the war between Henry II of England… … Wikipedia
Jordan — m English and German: originally a name given to a child (of either sex) baptized in holy water that was, purportedly at least, brought from the River Jordan, whose Hebrew name, ha yarden, means ‘flowing down’. It was in this river that Christ… … First names dictionary